<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7317007781099941548</id><updated>2012-01-10T00:25:09.105+08:00</updated><category term='Sudut Pandangan'/><category term='Pengajian Aqidah'/><category term='Tamadun Islam/TITAS'/><category term='Akidah'/><category term='Peribadi'/><category term='Penilaian Dalam Pendidikan'/><category term='Hadith Akhir Zaman'/><category term='Tazkirah'/><category term='Kesihatan'/><title type='text'>al-bahanjiey</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>Suhaimi al-Bahanjiey</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15572024302827478084</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='24' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bqjedi_Jprw/Tanq397d9GI/AAAAAAAAAX4/u5uJjDt8Foo/s220/DSC03937.JPG'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>97</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7317007781099941548.post-8228267423097433947</id><published>2011-12-13T17:06:00.002+08:00</published><updated>2011-12-13T17:11:05.817+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Penilaian Dalam Pendidikan'/><title type='text'>PAFA</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GWFDhljVFxY/TucWnmx7MoI/AAAAAAAAAhk/467VspXapAg/s1600/pafa.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 287px; height: 215px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GWFDhljVFxY/TucWnmx7MoI/AAAAAAAAAhk/467VspXapAg/s320/pafa.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5685537924259197570" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h1 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Perkara Asas Fardu Ain (PAFA)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:white;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;PENGENALAN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:white"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;         Perkara Asas Fardu Ain (PAFA) ialah beberapa perkara yang terpenting dari Fardu Ain yang berkaitan dengannya, yang terkandung dalam Sukatan Pelajaran Pendidikan Islam. PAFA hendak dipastikan supaya tiap-tiap murid / pelajar benar-benar mengetahui, memahami dan boleh mengamalkannya dengan cara yang betul dan sempurna sebagaimana yangditetapkan oleh syarak.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: &amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:windowtext"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:windowtext;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;TUJUAN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: &amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:windowtext"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Mengenalpasti murid/pelajar yang lemah dalam kefahaman dan amalan Perkara Asas Fardu Ain, kemudian membimbing sehingga mereka dengan sendirinya faham dan dapat mengamalkan dengan betul dan sempurna.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Mempastikan tidak terdapat sebarang keciciran dalam Perkara Asas Fardu Ain. Dengan perkataan lain, menentukan kejayaan 100%.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Menimbulkan dan menyuburkan keinsafan dan kerelaan yang positif untuk menghayati amalan kehidupan sehari-hari.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Merangsang tanggungjawab guru untuk memastikan murid menguasai dan menghayati PAFA secara berterusan &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:windowtext"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:windowtext;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;SYARAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: &amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:windowtext"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Penilaian Perkara Asas Fardhu Ain (PAFA) dijalankan dalam ujian Pencapaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR), Penilaian Menengah Rendah (PMR), dan Peperiksaan Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Penilaian Perkara Asas Fardu Ain (PAFA) dikendalikan sepenuhnya oleh sekolah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Penilaian dijalankan sendiri oleh guru mata pelajaran Pendidikan Islam di kelas masing-masing sebagai proses penilaian biasa dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran (P&amp;amp;P).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Penilaian dijalankan secara lisan dan amali mengikut sebagaimana yang telah ditetapkan.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;5.  Soalan dan jawapan penilaian adalah sebagaimana yang telah ditetapkan dalam buku panduan. Soalan dan jawapan tersebut tidak rahsia. Murid-murid hendaklah diberitahu lebih awal.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;6.  Tempuh penilaian bermula dari hari pertama pada penggal pertama persekolahan dalam tahun peperiksaan berkenaan, dan berakhir sebulan sebelum tarikh peperiksaan bertulis dijalankan.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;7.  Sepanjang tempuh penilaian tersebut, murid hendaklah diberi masa, peluang dan bimbingan yang secukupnya untuk mengulang, memperbetulkan dan memperbaiki kesalahan dan kelemahan sehingga mereka dengan sendirinya faham dan dapat mengamalkan sesuatu kelemahan dengan jaya, betul dan sempurna.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;8. Pencapaian murid hendaklah dicatat dari masa ke semasa secara kemaskini dalam Borang Individu dan Borang Berkelompok. Catatan tersebut adalah rekod bagi proses dan keputusan penilaian yang dicapai oleh murid/pelajar.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Suatu penyetaraan akan dijalankan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan, Jabatan Pendidikan Negeri/ Bahagian/ Daerah sebagai sebahagian dari tugas penyeliaan harian biasa. Penyetaraan adalah untuk tujuan pengesahan dan pelaporan penilaian.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Pencapaian LULUS dalam sesuatu KOD/TAJUK ialah apabila murid faham dan dapat mengamalkan kemahiran sekurang-kurangnya pada tahap keupayaan yang PALING MINIMUM  sekira-kira 'SAH' di segi Syara'.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Murid /Pelajar diakui LULUS dalam keseluruhan penilaian Perkara Asas fardu Ain apabila mereka berjaya memahami dan mengamalkan semua KOD/TAJUK soalan yang ditetapkan.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; "&gt;12.Pihak sekolah hendaklah melaporkan keputusan penilaian kepada Lembaga Peperiksaan Kementerian Pelajaran menurut prosedur biasa yang ditetapkan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;13.Kementerian Pelajaran akan melaporkan pernyataan 'LULUS' atau 'GAGAL' dalam keputusan atau sijil peperiksaan. Pernyataan tersebut tidak mengubah atau menjejaskan sistem penggredan dan agregat keputusan peperiksaan yang sedang berjalan sekarang.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7317007781099941548-8228267423097433947?l=albahanjiey.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/feeds/8228267423097433947/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/12/pafa.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/8228267423097433947'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/8228267423097433947'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/12/pafa.html' title='PAFA'/><author><name>Suhaimi al-Bahanjiey</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15572024302827478084</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='24' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bqjedi_Jprw/Tanq397d9GI/AAAAAAAAAX4/u5uJjDt8Foo/s220/DSC03937.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GWFDhljVFxY/TucWnmx7MoI/AAAAAAAAAhk/467VspXapAg/s72-c/pafa.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7317007781099941548.post-815118373172133161</id><published>2011-11-27T12:52:00.002+08:00</published><updated>2011-11-27T12:55:47.211+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Pengajian Aqidah'/><title type='text'>Faktor Kemunculan Mazhab</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-l-UiwSqqOA0/TtHCyuOw1BI/AAAAAAAAAfQ/grW23lR98XI/s1600/images.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 199px; height: 254px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-l-UiwSqqOA0/TtHCyuOw1BI/AAAAAAAAAfQ/grW23lR98XI/s320/images.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5679534781750105106" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;FAKTOR-FAKTOR KEMUNCULAN MAZHAB &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:-36.0pt; mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Tahoma;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;1.&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Ahl Sunnah Wal-Jamaah&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Reaksi kepada fahaman Muktazilah&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Fahaman ini lahir pada abad ke-3H iaitu sebagai reaksi kepada fahaman Muktazilah yang dianggap menyeleweng daripada ajaran Islam sebenar. Ia merupakan aliran pemikiran Islam yang terakhir muncul pada zaman tradisi Islam dan juga merupakan aliran pemikiran paling lengkap. Fahaman ini bertindak menyangkal fahaman Muktazilah yang merupakan golongan yang berpegang kepada fahaman mengunakan akal sebagai hujah daripada Al-Quran dan sunnah Rasulullah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:35.4pt;line-height: 150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Abu Hasan al-Asya’ari pada ketika itu telah berselisih pendapat dengan bapa tirinya mengenai persoalan kehidupan selepas mati telah bertindak keluar dari fahaman Muktazilah dan berpegang kepada Ahli Sunah Wal-Jamaah. Beliau telah membuat pembaharuan di dalam aliran fahaman Ahli Sunnah Wal-Jamaah dengan mengemukakan hujah-hujah yang logik akal beserta teks-teks Al-Quran yang ada. Ia bertujuan bagi mematahkan hujah logik akal yang dikemukakan oleh golongan Muktazilah pada ketika itu.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Penggunaan akal dan hadis&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Fahaman ini merupakan gabungan antara Ahl al-Ra’y iaitu golongan yang menggunakan akal fikiran dan Ahl al-Hadith iaitu golongan yang banyak menggunakan Hadith. Bagaimanapun kedua-dua golongan ini lebih banyak menggunakan Hadith dalam menentukan sesuatu hukum.Disebabkan itu mereka digelar Ahl al-Sunnah yang bererti pembela sunnah Rasulullah s.a.w.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:35.4pt;line-height: 150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Pada asalnya, usaha membela Sunnah Rasulullah s.a.w. telah dilakukan oleh para sahabat yang kemudian diikuti oleh para pengikut mereka atau dikenali sebagai tabi’in. Antara mereka ialah Abu Hanifah juga dikenali sebagai pelopor ahl al-ra’y dan Ahmad bin Hanbal yang juga dikenali sebagai pelopor ahl al-hadith. Ketika itu masih belum disebut Ahl Sunnah wal-al-Jamaah. Tetapi setelah wujudnya pelbagai aliran seperti dinyatakan di atas, maka kumpulan ini dikenali sebagai Ahl al-Sunnah wal al-Jamaah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:35.4pt;line-height: 150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Mudahnya, fahaman Ahli Sunnah Wal-Jamaah ini telah lama wujud bahkan sejak zaman sahabat serta tabi’in lagi. Mungkin pada ketika itu, ia tidaklah digelarkan dengan fahaman Ahli Sunnah Wal-Jamaah kerana masyarakat pada masa itu sememangnya berpegang teguh kepada Al-Quran dan sunnah Rasulullah tanpa ada persoalan untuk dibangkitkan. Akan tetapi, akibat dari munculnya fahaman Muktazilah yang menolak untuk berhujah dengan Al-Quran dan sunnah Rasulullah dan bertindak menggunakan akal semata-mata maka, lahirlah Ahli Sunnah Wal-Jamaah untuk membersihkan dan menyelar fahamn Muktazilah tersebut yang diketuai oleh beberapa tokoh hebat seperti Abu Hassan al-Asyaari, Abu Mansur al-Maturidi, Imam al-Ghazali dan banyak lagi.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;2.       Muktazilah&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Perlantikan khalifah&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Terdapat pelbagai pendapat yang menyokong faktor utama kemunculan fahaman Muktazilah ini adalah berpunca daripada perlantikan khalifah pada zaman Saidina Ali r.a lagi. Prof. Dr. Imam Muhammad Abu Zahrah (1996) telah menjelaskan di dalam penulisannya mengenai kemunculan golongan Muktazilah ini:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;“Sebahagian berpendapat, golongan ini mula timbul sebagai satu kelompok di kalangan pengikut Ali. Mereka mengasingkan diri dari masalah-masalah politik dan beralih ke masalah akidah ketika Hasan turun dari jabatan khalifah untuk digantikan oleh Mu’awiyyah ibn Abi Sufyan.”&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Beliau juga telah dipetik berkata bahawa Abu al-Hasan al-Thara’ifi dalam bukunya &lt;i&gt;Ahl al-Ahwa’ wa al-Bida &lt;/i&gt;menyatakan:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;“mereka menamakan diri dengan Muktazilah ketika Hasan ibn Ali membai’at Mu’awiyyah dan menyerahkan jabatan khalifah kepadanya. Mereka mengasingkan diri daripada Hasan, Mu’awiyyah dan semua orang lain. Mereka menetap di rumah-rumah dan masjid-masjid. Mereka berkata, ‘Kami bergelut dengan ilmu dan ibadah’.”&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Selain itu juga, Suhaimi al-Bahanjiey (2011) menjelaskan di dalam &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/09/mazhab-mutazilah.html"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/09/mazhab-mutazilah.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt; bahawa:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;“&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Pada peringkat awal dikatakan muncul kerana wujud golongan bebas dari golongan Zubair, Talhah (Aisyah) dan Ali dan Muawiyyah.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Mrk kata ‘kebenaran tidak semesti berada pada salah satu golongan, mgkin dua-dua salah dan tidak pasti tidak jelas siapa yang salah dan ia harus dijauhi (I’tazalna)’. Gol ini berada di tengah2 antara Khawarij dan Murjiah. Tidak terlalu keras dan tidak terlalu lembut.”&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Melalui dua pendapat yang telah dinyatakan ini, dapat disimpulkan bahawa, kemunculan fahaman Muktazilah ini berlaku apabila mereka yang menyokong Ali keluar daripada golongan yang tersebut kerana tidak pasti siapa yang benar dan siapa yang salah. Mereka yang keluar ini bertindak mengasingkan diri daripada politik dan dan beralih kepada masalah akidah, kesan daripada pengasingan diri tersebut. Mereka yang bertindak mengasingkan diri ini digelar Muktazilah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;Masalah pelaku dosa besar.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;Kemunculan golongan Muktazilah ini adalah berasaskan kepada perselisihan yang berlaku di antara Wasil bin Ata’ dengan gurunya, Hasan al-Basri mengenai hukum orang yang melakukan dosa besar. Pendapat ini disokong oleh &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Prof. Dr. Imam Muhammad Abu Zahrah (1996), di mana beliau telah dipetik berkata:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;“Wasil berkata dalam menentang pendapat Hasan, ‘Menurut saya, pelaku dosa besar sama sekali bukan mukmin, bukan pula kafir, melainkan ia berada di antara dua posisi itu’. Wasil kemudian menghindari forum Hasan dan membentuk forum baru di masjid yang sama”&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Selain itu juga, Abdul Hadi Awang (2008), telah dipetik berkata:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;“Menurut al-Syahrastani, mereka dinamakan Muktazilah ketika pemimpin mereka Wasil bin Ata’ berselisih dengan gurunya, Hasan al-Basri mengenai masalah orang yang mengerjakan dosa besar. Wasil memisahkan diri dari Hasan dan mengadakan majlis ilmu yang berasingan dalam masjid yang sama. Hasan berkata. ‘Wasil mengasingkan diri daripada kita’. Mereka dinamakan Muktazilah yang bermaksud orang yang mengasingkan diri”.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Pandangan ini disokong oleh &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://members.tripod.com/ahkam_2/FIRQAH/muktazilah.html"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;http://members.tripod.com/ahkam_2/FIRQAH/muktazilah.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt; yang mana menjelaskan bahawa kisah perselisihan ini berlaku semasa majlis pengajian Hasan al-Basri. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;“Seorang lelaki telah masuk dan berkata kepada Hasan al-Basri: ‘Wahai imam agama, telah lahir pada zaman kita ini segolongan yang mengkafirkan pembuat dosa besar, mereka adalah Khawarij. Segolongan lagi ialah mereka yang mengembalikan hukum ke atasnya. Mereka berkata: ‘Tidak member mudarat kemaksiatan jika mempunyai iman, sebagaimana tidak memberi manfaat ketaatan jika dalam kekafiran. Mereka adalah golongan Murjiah.’&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Hasan al-Basri berfikir. sebelum beliau menjawab, Wasil bin Ata' berkata: ‘Aku tidak berpendapat bahawa pembuat dosa besar itu sebagai mukmin secara mutlak dan tidak kafir secara mutlak. Malahan dia akan berada di suatu tempat di antara dua tempat.’&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Kemudian Washil meminggirkan diri ke suatu sudut di dalam masjid berkenaan, dan mendirikan mazhabnya sendiri. Lalu Hasan al-Basri berkata: ‘Wasil telah mengasingkan (I'tizal) diri dari kami.’ Ini menjadi sebab mereka diberi nama dengan Mu'tazilah.”&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Melalui ketiga-tiga pendapat ini, dapat difahami bahawa faktor yang menyebabkan kemunculan golongan Muktazilah ini adalah berpunca daripada kisah pengasingan diri Wasil bin Ata’ daripada kumpulan agama gurunya, Hasan al-Basri kerana perselisihan pendapat mengenai hukum mereka yang melakukan dosa besar. Beliau menyatakan si pelaku dosa besar ini tidak dihukum kafir mahupun mukmin, akan tetapi berada di antara dua tempat di antara keduanya. Apabila beliau mengasingkan diri, beliau membentuk kumpulan baru dan digelar golongan yang mengasingkan diri atau Muktazilah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Keghairahan penggunaan akal sebagai nas.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Seperti yang diketahui, golongan Muktazilah ialah golongan yang banyak mengamalkan hujah-hujah akal daripada Al-Quran dan sunnah Nabi Muhammad. Golongan ini banyak menggunakan dalil ‘aqliah (akal) sehinggakan mereka digelar sebagai aliran rasionalis Islam. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Hal ini berlaku kerana, ia berpunca daripada pengaruh falsafah dan pemikiran Yunani berikutan kemasukan ilmu pengetahuan luar dalam kerajaan Islam pada masa itu iaitu Kerajaan Abasiyyah. Golongan ini sangat bergantung kepada beberapa aspek pemikiran dari falsafah Islam, Greek dan Helenistik.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Kemuncak pengaruh fahaman  ini ialah pada zaman pemerintahan Khalifah al-Makmum, al-Mu’tazim dan al-Wathiq pada zaman Kerajaan Bani Abbasiyah kerana pada tempoh tersebut aktiviti penterjemahan buku-buku falsafah Yunani amat giat dilakukan. Pada asalnya, kegiatan penterjemahan ini berlaku bertujuan bagi mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan. Akan tetapi, ia telah mempengaruhi pemikiran mereka. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Abdul Hadi Awang (2008), telah dipetik berkata:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Fahaman itu berasal daripada pengaruh ilmu falsafah yang diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Arab pada zaman kerajaan Abasiyyah”&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Kebanjiran ilmu pengetahuan pada zaman Kerajaan Abasiyyah yang begitu pesat telah menggalakkan pemikiran golongan-golongan ini sehinggan menjadikan kedudukan Muktazilah semakin kukuh. Kekuatan akal dan pemikirian mereka dalam mengeluarkan hujah telah menggalakkan mereka untuk berhujah menggunakan akal berbanding Al-Quran dan sunnah Rsasulullah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:-36.0pt; mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Tahoma"&gt;3.&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-MY" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Qadariah&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Kecenderungan kepada &lt;i&gt;fatalis.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Fatalis membawa maksud seseorang yang berserah atau bergantung sepenuhnya kepada nasib. Pada zaman tersebut, masyarakat Arab sangat cenderung kepada &lt;i&gt;fatalis.&lt;/i&gt; Faktor kehidupan yang diselubungi kesulitan serta faktor alam yang tidak membantu mereka untuk lari dari fahaman tersebut telah menjadi faktor kepada munculnya fahaman Qadariah ini.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Faktor politik.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Pada ketika itu, pemerintahan Bani Umayyah menganut dan menekankan fahaman fatalis serta menjadikan ia legitimasi kekuasaan yang dipegang. Setiap apa yang menjadi ketetapan penguasa pada ketika itu adalah dari ketentuan Tuhan. Maka, sesiapa yang menentang penguasa bererti mereka menentang Tuhan.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Maka, muncul fahaman Qadariah yang dianggap sebagai pendukung kepada golongan yang kritis terhadap rezim dan fahaman yang dibawa okeh mereka adalah berbeza dan bercanggah dengan keyakinan pemerintah pada ketika itu.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:MS"&gt;Melalui dua faktor ini, dapat disimpulkan bahawa kelompok manusia pada ketika itu telah didorong dengan fahaman fatalis, iaitu fahaman yang menyerahkan segala perkara sesuatu itu kepada nasib sehingga mendorong beberapa individu untuk membawa kelompok manusia ini keluar dari fahaman tersebut dan digelar dengan fahaman Qadariah yang sama sekali menolak campur tangan Tuhan atau nasib dalam setiap perbuatan manusia. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7317007781099941548-815118373172133161?l=albahanjiey.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/feeds/815118373172133161/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/11/faktor-kemunculan-mazhab.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/815118373172133161'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/815118373172133161'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/11/faktor-kemunculan-mazhab.html' title='Faktor Kemunculan Mazhab'/><author><name>Suhaimi al-Bahanjiey</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15572024302827478084</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='24' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bqjedi_Jprw/Tanq397d9GI/AAAAAAAAAX4/u5uJjDt8Foo/s220/DSC03937.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-l-UiwSqqOA0/TtHCyuOw1BI/AAAAAAAAAfQ/grW23lR98XI/s72-c/images.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7317007781099941548.post-6380581534233026263</id><published>2011-11-02T16:04:00.008+08:00</published><updated>2011-11-15T22:41:07.027+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Penilaian Dalam Pendidikan'/><title type='text'>Perbezaan 4P</title><content type='html'>&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-uwBNBo67z-A/TrD6RfHjUyI/AAAAAAAAAeI/K4z_Z07d4FY/s1600/PengujianDanPenaksiran.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 209px; height: 320px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-uwBNBo67z-A/TrD6RfHjUyI/AAAAAAAAAeI/K4z_Z07d4FY/s320/PengujianDanPenaksiran.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5670307109177348898" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;PENTAKSIRAN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pentaksiran ialah proses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;pengumpulan maklumat untuk membuat keputusan berdasarkan sesuatu peraturan atau piawaian.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pentaksiran  meliputi pelbagai kaedah untuk menentukan tahap sesuatu ciri  yang diperolehi seseorang individu&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pentaksiran membawa maksud yang berbeza daripada penilaian iaitu skop penilaian lebih luas daripada penilaian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pentaksiran termasuk penilaian formal dan tak formal&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Mengukur dan menilai adalah aktiviti penaksiran terhadap proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Di bilik darjah penaksiran ialah proses mengumpul dan menafsir maklumat tentang pelajar untuk membuat keputusan yang dapat meningkatkan pengajaran dan pembelajaran&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pentaksiran termasuk penilaian formal dan tak formal&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; color: rgb(90, 114, 123); font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;.&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style="text-align: left; font-size: 12px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(90, 114, 123); line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;span class="”fullpost”"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left; color: rgb(90, 114, 123); font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); "&gt;&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;PENILAIAN&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Penilaian ialah keseluruhan proses pengumpulan maklumat yang berguna untuk digunakan di dalam membuat keputusan. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="FI" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="FI" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;penilaian adalah proses mengenalpasti, memperoleh dan menyediakan maklumat berguna bagi keputusan mempertimbangkan pilihan-pilihan yang ada pada kita.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="FI" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Penilaian menentukan jurang perbezaan antara “apa yang dihasilkan” dengan “apa yang dihasratkan” dari sesuatu program pendidikan. Penilaian merupakan pertimbangan profesional iaitu proses yang membolehkan seseorang membuat keputusan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="FI" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Dari segi pengajaran dan pembelajaran, penilaian boleh didefinisikan secara ringkas sebagai satu proses sistematik untuk menentukan sejauh mana objektif pengajaran dan pembelajaran dicapai. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="FI" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="FI" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Contoh seorang guru menilai pelajarnya sama ada pandai atau tidak berdasarkan markah yang diperolehi oleh pelajar dan rekod sebelumnya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Dalam pendidikan proses penilaian melibatkan:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Perancangan yang rapi bagi menilai perkara &amp;amp; objektif pembelajaran aktiviti penilaian termasuk analisis hasil pengukuran kuantitatif &amp;amp; kuaalitatif tingkahlaku dan membuat pertimbangan nilai terhadap tingkahlaku itu&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Penilaian ke atas murid adalah lebih daripada pengukuran atau pengujian dan memberi makna yang sangat luas&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Dalam bilik darjah penilaian:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Proses mengumpul maklumat tentang strategi atau aktiviti P@P&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Menganalisis/membuat keputusan dan merancang tindakan sewajar&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Proses yang sistematik untuk dapatkan maklumat bagi tentukan pencapaian sesuatu objektif &amp;amp; arah P@P&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;PENGUKURAN&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pengukuran ialah prosedur untuk menggambarkan ciri-ciri atau tingkah laku yang diukur dengan menggunakan &lt;b&gt;NOMBOR&lt;/b&gt; supaya terdapat pertalian antara dunia nyata dengan apa yang diukur mengikut peraturan tertentu seperti memperuntukan markah kepada pelajar selepas diberi ujian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pengukuran merupakan suatu proses kuantifikasi dengan memberi nilai angka kepada kewujudan sesuatu ciri dan atribut. Dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran, kewujudan ciri “penguasaan” sesuatu isi  yang diajar oleh guru kepada pelajar dikuantifikasikan dengan memberi skor ujian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Dalam pengajaran fungsi pengukuran adalah seperti berikut:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;i.       Mengesan hasil-hasil pembelajaran yang diperolehi&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;ii.       Mengesan hasil-hasil kemahiran yang diperolehi&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;iii.      Mengesan kemahiran yang dicapai dalam aspek pembelajaran yang &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;      lain&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Dari segi pentadbiran;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:1.0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;i.    Mendapat maklumat untuk pengaliran (streaming) @ pengumpulan murid-murid&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;ii.       Mendapat maklumat untuk bimbingan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;iii.      Mendapat maklumat untuk kecekapan guru&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:1.0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;iv.   Mendapat maklumat untuk rekod prestasi &amp;amp; rekod profil untuk maklumat kepada murid&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;PENGUJIAN&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pengujian merupakan proses mengaturkan satu siri tugasan untuk diselesaikan supaya pemerhatian tepat dibuat tentang penguasaan pelajar dalam sesuatu pelajaran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Ia merupakan satu kaedah atau &lt;b&gt;prosedur&lt;/b&gt;  yang &lt;b&gt;sistematik&lt;/b&gt; untuk membuat pemerhatian terhadap &lt;b&gt;sampel tingkah laku&lt;/b&gt; seseorang  dan memerihalkannya dengan satu skala nombor atau skala kategori. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Ujian adalah alat ukur. Ujian digunakan bagi mengukur ‘penguasaan’ pelajar dalam sesuatu kursus. Ujian mengandungi satu set tugasan (dalam bentuk tugasan) yang berdasarkan sesuatu kursus bagi merangsang pelajar untuk ‘menunjukkan’ tahap penguasaan mereka dalam satu mata pelajaran tertentu&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Tahap penguasaan pelajar biasanya dikuantifikasikan dengan memberi skor kepada jawapan yang diberi.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;ujian merupakan alat ukur yang sering digunakan untuk mendapatkan bukti empirik bagi tujuan penilaian pengajaran dan pembelajaran .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Tumpuan perlu diberi bagi membina ujian yang bermutu, mentadbir ujian berkenaan dengan betul dan mentafsir dapatannya dengan tepat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Untuk memastikan penilaian yang berkesan dan sempurna dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran, pengujian yang berkualiti perlu dilaksanakan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Perbezaan Pengujian,Pengukuran Dan Penilaian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;table class="MsoTableGrid" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align: justify;border-collapse: collapse; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; "&gt;  &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td width="103" valign="top" style="width:77.4pt;border:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 align="center" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:center;text-indent:0in;   line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Jenis Perbezaan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="162" valign="top" style="width:121.5pt;border:double windowtext 1.5pt;   border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 align="center" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:center;text-indent:0in;   line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pengujian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="185" valign="top" style="width:139.1pt;border:double windowtext 1.5pt;   border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 align="center" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:center;text-indent:0in;   line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pengukuran&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="181" valign="top" style="width:135.4pt;border:double windowtext 1.5pt;   border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 align="center" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:center;text-indent:0in;   line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Penilaian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td width="103" valign="top" style="width:77.4pt;border:double windowtext 1.5pt;   border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%;   mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pengertian &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;   text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="162" valign="top" style="width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Proses   menentukan perubahan tingkahlaku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="185" valign="top" style="width:139.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Proses   menentukan peringkat pencapaian dan kedudukan di antara pelajar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="181" valign="top" style="width:135.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Proses   membuat analisis dengan mentafsir hasil pengukuran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td width="103" valign="top" style="width:77.4pt;border:double windowtext 1.5pt;   border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%;   mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Tujuan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;   text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="162" valign="top" style="width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Menentukan   pencapaian pelajar dalam sesuatu pembelajaran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="185" valign="top" style="width:139.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Membuat   perbandingan pencapaian dan kedudukan di antara pelajar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="181" valign="top" style="width:135.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Memberi   maklumat tentang pencapaian pelajar,objektif pelajaran,kaedah mengajar dan   kurikulum&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td width="103" valign="top" style="width:77.4pt;border:double windowtext 1.5pt;   border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%;   mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Kegunaan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;   text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="162" valign="top" style="width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Untuk   menempatkan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;pelajar   ditempat yang sesuai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="185" valign="top" style="width:139.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Untuk   pengelasan, persijilan, dalam jmenempatkan pelajar dalam jurusan yang sesuai   dan unutk penyelidikan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="181" valign="top" style="width:135.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Untuk   membaiki rancangan mengajar, kurikkulum, pengesanan punca kelemahan dan   membuat ramalan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td width="103" valign="top" style="width:77.4pt;border:double windowtext 1.5pt;   border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%;   mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Bentuk &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;   text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="162" valign="top" style="width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pemerhatian,   ujian, lisan dan bertulis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="185" valign="top" style="width:139.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Ujian   bertulis dengan markah dan gred&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="181" valign="top" style="width:135.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Jadual   atau gred berdasarkan teknik perangkaan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td width="103" valign="top" style="width:77.4pt;border:double windowtext 1.5pt;   border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%;   mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Masa &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;   text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="162" valign="top" style="width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Selepas   sesuatu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Atau   beberapa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;pelajaran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="185" valign="top" style="width:139.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Selepas   beberapa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;pelajaran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="181" valign="top" style="width:135.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Sebelum   semasadan selepas satu  atau beberpa   mata pelajaran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;   &lt;td width="103" valign="top" style="width:77.4pt;border:double windowtext 1.5pt;   border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%;   mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Proses Perlaksanaan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;   text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="162" valign="top" style="width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Persediaan   ujian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pemerhatian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;pemeriksaan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="185" valign="top" style="width:139.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Proses   pengujian merekod markah dan memberi gred&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;   &lt;td width="181" valign="top" style="width:135.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:   none;border-bottom:double windowtext 1.5pt;border-right:double windowtext 1.5pt;   mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;   padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt"&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Proses   Pengukuran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Proses   penganalisa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Prose   interprestasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Melapor   tindakan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:115%;mso-outline-level:   1"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Fungsi&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:40.5pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-40.5pt;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;1.        Kebertanggungjawaban&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Penaksiran atau penilaian menyokong perjalanan sistem pendidikan dengan memberi maklum balas tentang keberkesanan sistem pendidikan yang sedang dijalankan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Penaksiran memberi ruang untuk berkomunikasi dengan  orang ramai tentang harapan mereka terhadap institusi pendidikan. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Orang ramai memperoleh kriteria kebertanggungjawaban yang boleh diukur dan sekolah dapat dilihat menepati piawaian yang ditetapkan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;2.       Persijilan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Berbanding dengan kriteria atau piawaian yang telah ditetapkan, pelajar menunjukkan kecekapan dan kebolehan mereka dalam sesuatu bidang pembelajaran.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pelajar dinilai dan keputusan diberi tentang sama ada pelajar berkenaan boleh diberikan sijil, dinaikkan ke kelas selanjutnya atau dimasukkan ke kelas pemulihan. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;3.       &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Pemulihan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Penaksiran digunakan untuk mencari punca kelemahan pelajar dan maklum balas yang didapati boleh membantu pelajar memperbaiki kelemahannya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Maklum balas juga menunjukkan kepada kaedah pengajaran yang berlainan yang mungkin diambil untuk membantu pelajar belajar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;4.       Memotivasikan pelajar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Penilaian juga memotivasikan pelajar untuk belajar.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; "&gt;Penaksiran alternatif melibatkan pelajar di dalam proses penilaian, membuat mereka sebagai orang yang berkepentingan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style="text-align: left; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(90, 114, 123); line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style="text-align: left; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7317007781099941548-6380581534233026263?l=albahanjiey.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/feeds/6380581534233026263/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/11/perbezaan-4p.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/6380581534233026263'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/6380581534233026263'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/11/perbezaan-4p.html' title='Perbezaan 4P'/><author><name>Suhaimi al-Bahanjiey</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15572024302827478084</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='24' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bqjedi_Jprw/Tanq397d9GI/AAAAAAAAAX4/u5uJjDt8Foo/s220/DSC03937.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-uwBNBo67z-A/TrD6RfHjUyI/AAAAAAAAAeI/K4z_Z07d4FY/s72-c/PengujianDanPenaksiran.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7317007781099941548.post-6684586404757820118</id><published>2011-11-02T15:28:00.003+08:00</published><updated>2011-11-02T15:32:37.254+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Penilaian Dalam Pendidikan'/><title type='text'>Jenis Skala</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Pet738b6s-A/TrDxbGIJYZI/AAAAAAAAAd4/qiiVHP07JZc/s1600/measurement.gif" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 214px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Pet738b6s-A/TrDxbGIJYZI/AAAAAAAAAd4/qiiVHP07JZc/s320/measurement.gif" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5670297378662998418" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;JENIS SKALA&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Skala merupakan penyukat atau alat untuk mengukur kuantiti seperti berat,panjang,tinggi,suhu badan, kekuatan gempa dan sebagainya&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Satu prosedur atau konsep mencakupi sebarang aktiviti  pengukuran melibatkan peruntukan nombor- nombor  pada objek atau hasil satu tingkah laku&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Contoh memperuntukan kod 1 untuk lelaki dan 2 untuk perempuan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Nombor yang diperuntukan tidak memberi apa-apa nilai sekadar membezakan objek&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Satu perbezaan yang nyata antara ciri tingkah laku dengan sains fizikal ialah penggunaan jenis skala yang berbeza bagi membuat pengukuran&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Sains tingkahlaku merangkumi fenomena yang pelbagai dan pengukuran ke atas sesuatu fenomena atau perlakuan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Skala terdapat dalam pelbagai bentuk pengukuran&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Dalam pengukuran, kita mempunyai dua jenis pembolehubah yang asas iaitu:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;   &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt; i.      Jenis kuantitatif&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ii.       Jenis kategori&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Kedua-dua jenis pembolehubah ini boleh diukur menggunakan skala: &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;i.       nominal, &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ii.       ordinal, &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;iii.      sela atau &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;iv.      nisbah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;1.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Skala Nominal&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Skala nominal adalah skala pengukuran yang paling mudah dan  merupakan bentuk pengukuran yang paling rendah boleh digunakan oleh ahli penyelidik. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Skala nominal membentuk nombor bagi menunjukkan kategori yang berlainan. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Sebagai Contoh: Guru ingin membahagikan ras pelajar dalam kelasnya kepada beberapa kategori: &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;nombor 1 - kategori Melayu, &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;nombor 2 - kategori Cina, &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;nombor 3 - kategori India &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;nombor 4 - lain-lain ras. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Pemberian nombor 1, 2, 3  atau 4 dan selanjutnya adalah untuk memudahkan analisis komputer atau pengenalan bagi setiap ras &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Tidak bermakna 1 lebih baik atau superior dari 2 dan seterusnya. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Nombor hanya melambangkan kumpulan bagi sesuatu pembolehubah, seperti contoh yang diberikan ialah ras.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Apabila nombor digunakan untuk menamakan orang atau objek dan nombor ini tidak mempunyai apa-apa hubungan dalaman antara satu sama lain dari segi nilai maka skala pengukurannya disebut sebagai skala nominal.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Angka atau simbol yang mewakili kumpulan skala nominal boleh ditukarkan kepada nombor tanpa mengubah maklumat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;2.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Skala Ordinal&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Pengukuran menggunakan skala ordinal  akan menyusun data daripada yang rendah kepada yang tinggi atau daripada yang lemah kepada yang cemerlang iaitu susunan yang melambangkan satu bentuk hierarki.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt; Contoh:    &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Guru mungkin menyusun skor yang didapati dalam Ujian Bahasa Melayu dari markah yang tertinggi kepada markah yang terendah sekali.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Skala ordinal hanya menyusun mengikut hieraki untuk melambangkan perbezaan atau kedudukan sesuatu individu relatif kepada sesuatu individu yang lain. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Kedudukan skor atau kebolehan yang disusun itu tidak sama magnitudnya atau perbezaannya  -  hanya menunjukkan satu individu itu skornya dari atas atau dari bawah. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Berapa banyak lebihan atau kekurangan tidak dapat ditentukan contohnya: &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Perbezaan kedudukan pelajar nombor 8 dengan nombor 9 hanya 4 markah sahaja, tetapi perbezaan kedudukan antara nombor 1 dengan nombor 2 adalah 20 markah&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;3.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Skala Sela&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Pengukuran yang menggunakan sekala sela mempunyai semua ciri ordinal dan ditambah pula,  di setiap titik dalam skala berkenaan mempunyai jarak yang sama. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Skala sela memberikan sela sama daripada titik asal (origin) yang arbitrari.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Ini bermakna skala sela mempunyai ciri-ciri: &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;    i.    nominal dan ordinal, terutamanya ciri-ciri pangkat. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;   ii.    Jarak numerik yang sama di atas skala sela  menggambarkan jarak yang sama pada ciri yang diukur.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Contoh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Sila perhatikan, nilai 0 dalam skala sela tidak bermakna tidak sesuatu yang diukur.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Contoh &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Suhu 0 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C tidak menandakan tiada suhu.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Sekarang cuba kita lihat perbezaan IQ 60 dengan IQ 70, perbezaannya hanya 10 poin. Begitu juga IQ 120 dengan IQ 130, perbezaannya sama iaitu 10 poin juga. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Tidak boleh mengatakan mereka yang mempunyai IQ 120 adalah dua kali lebih baik dari mereka yang mempunyai IQ 60. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Ini kerana tidak terdapat titik sifar sebenar pada IQ. Tidak terdapat 0 IQ. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;4.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Skala Nisbah&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Aras tertinggi dalam pengukuran ialah pengukuran menggunakan skala nisbah. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Skala nisbah mempunyai ciri-ciri nominal, ordinal dan sela serta mempunyai mutlak sifar yang mempunyai makna empirikal. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Nombor pada skala menunjukkan amaun atau ciri sebenar yang diukur. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Seandainya skala nisbah untuk pencapaian wujud, maka bolehlah kita katakan pelajar yang mendapat markah 80 adalah dua kali lebih pencapaiannya dengan pelajar yang mendapat markah 40 &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Setiap jenis skala memberi maklumat yang berlainan. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Skala nisbah memberi lebih maklumat daripada skala sela. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Skala sela memberi lebih maklumat daripada skala ordinal dan skala ordinal pula memberi lebih maklumat daripada skala nominal.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Prosedur statistik hanya boleh digunakan dengan jenis skala pengukuran tertentu. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Cara data disusun akan mempengaruhi jenis analisis statistik yang akan dijalankan.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px; "&gt;Contoh:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Skala untuk menyukat tinggi menggunakan skala nisbah kerana titik kosong pada skala nisbah memberi makna tidak ada ketinggian atau ketinggian sifar. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Begitu juga halnya dengan timbangan yang mencatatkan 0 g bermakna tiada berat. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Antara pembolehubah yang mempunyai skala nisbah ialah: &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Pendapatan, &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Masa untuk melakukan sesuatu tugasan,&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Umur. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Skala nisbah jarang digunakan dalam peyelidikan pendidikan dan lain-lain disiplin penyelidikan kerana titik ‘0’ yang diperolehi tidak melibatkan penggunaan  yang sebenar.   &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Contoh: &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Dalam sesuatu ujian di bilik darjah atau peperiksaan awam, calon yang mendapat markah kosong tidak bermakna mereka langsung tidak mempunyai ilmu dalam bidang yang dipelajari atau diuji tetapi tahap pencapaian mereka perolehi  tidak mencapai tahap yang ditetapkan kerana mereka mungkin tidak dapat mengeluarkan jawapan seperti yang dikehendaki berdasarkan tugasan dalam soalan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7317007781099941548-6684586404757820118?l=albahanjiey.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/feeds/6684586404757820118/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/11/jenis-skala_02.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/6684586404757820118'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/6684586404757820118'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/11/jenis-skala_02.html' title='Jenis Skala'/><author><name>Suhaimi al-Bahanjiey</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15572024302827478084</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='24' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bqjedi_Jprw/Tanq397d9GI/AAAAAAAAAX4/u5uJjDt8Foo/s220/DSC03937.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Pet738b6s-A/TrDxbGIJYZI/AAAAAAAAAd4/qiiVHP07JZc/s72-c/measurement.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7317007781099941548.post-2626033086686689041</id><published>2011-11-02T11:47:00.002+08:00</published><updated>2011-11-02T11:57:58.364+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Penilaian Dalam Pendidikan'/><title type='text'>Statistik Pendidikan</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/--s8tLvtPWKU/TrC_tL6Ed2I/AAAAAAAAAds/SDFyaNpOGuo/s1600/statistik2.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 267px; height: 320px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/--s8tLvtPWKU/TrC_tL6Ed2I/AAAAAAAAAds/SDFyaNpOGuo/s320/statistik2.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5670242713870825314" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Statistik Pendidikan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Merupakan satu bahasa komunikasi yang digunakan untuk menerangkan ciri-ciri sampel atau kumpul objek&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Membicarakan tentang sampel,mengambarkan pembolehubah dalam sampel atau pengukuran yang pengiraannya berdasarkan daripada data sampel&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Data merupakan fakta atau maklumat atau angka yang membolehkan kita membuat ringkasan tentang sesuatu (perkara yang menjadi kajian)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Jadual I menunjukkan skor bagi pelajar untuk Tingkatan 3 Melati dalam ujian matematik.Guru diminta tentukan (a) Skor tertinggi  (b) Skor terendah&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;(c) skor julat (d) Berapa orang murid yang dapat markah kurang daripada (i) 70 dan (ii) 80 (e) sekira 60 markah lulus,berapa orang murid yang gagal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Contoh Skor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 align="center" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:center;text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;70 , 50, 54, 46, 48, 70, 90, 54, 64, 75, 50, 64, 75,60 ,54&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 align="center" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:center;text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;64, 64, 82, 70, 64, 80, 70, 60, 60, 70, 75, 80, 60, 64, 78&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 align="center" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:center;text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;40, 46, 51, 53, 55, 56, 56, 56, 58, 61, 61, 63, 63, 64, 80&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 align="center" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:center;text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;66, 68, 71, 73, 76, 79, 80, 76, 68, 72, 68, 52, 56, 94. 48&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kepentingan Statistik Dalam Pengukuran&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Membantu guru mempercepatkan proses membuat ringkasan dan menerangkan maklumat tentang pencapaian pelajar,kelas,sekolah atau daerah&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Memberi manafaat dalam menjelaskan makna sesuatu skor.Skor mentah mestilah diringkaskan dan dibuat inferens tentang pencapaian keseluruhan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Pengetahuan,kefahaman dan kemahiran menggunakan sesuatu teknik statistik perlu untuk membuat analisis dan penilaian tentang instrumen pencapaian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Fakta-fakta numerik yang diringkaskan menggunakan indeks statistik membantu guru membuat keputusan dan menilai pencapaian pelajar&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Membaca pelaporan penyelidikan pengukuran yang dibuat di dalam dan luar negeri menggunakan statistik untuk menjelaskan sesuatu fenomena atau dapatan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Taburan markah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Taburan ialah susunan skor mentah dalam set markah dan kekerapan ialah bilangan dalam sesuatu skor atau skor yang dikumpulkan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Taburan kekerapan markah boleh ditentukan berdasarkan skor-skor mentah yang dikumpulkan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Taburan kekerapan boleh ditentukan melalui taburan jadual kekerapan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;          &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Penentuan Jadual Taburan kekerapan Himpunan (Kekerapan Longgokan)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Kekerapan himpunan sama atau kurang daripada sesuatu skor atau skor terkumpul ialah jumlah kekerapan bagi skor atau skor terkumpul atau kekerapan bagi skor atau skor terkumpul sebelumnya&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Histogram&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Satu jenis graf yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan sesuatu taburan kekerapan dengan data yang terkumpul&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Bentuk histogram terdiri daripada jalur-jalur segiempat tepat yang disusun rapat-rapat daripada jeda kelas terendah hingga jeda tertinggi&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Lebar tapak setiap jalur segi empat mewakili saiz jeda manakala tingginya kekerpan bilangan murid yang memperolehi markah dalam sempadan kelas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Poligon Kekerapan-Sejenis grafgaris yang dibentuk dengan menyambung semua titik tengah di atas jalur segiempat tepat dalam sesuatu histogram dengan garis lurus &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Lengkung Kekerapan- sejenis graf berbentuk lengkung licin yang dilukis dengan menggunakan kelas nilai tengah mewakili skor-skor dipaksi ufuk dan bilangan calon dipaksi tegak&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Pengiraan Min, Median, Mod&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Min-dihitung dengan menjumlahkan semua skor (markah) dan hasil tambahnya dibahagikan dengan jumlah bilangan skor atau jumlah kekerapan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Median-Nilai yang terletak di tempat tengah skor yang tersusun secara menaik atau menurun&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Contoh 1:   45,45,59,62,70,78,80 &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;     Contoh 2 : 50,58,64,72,78,78&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Mod ialah ukuran yang mempunyai kekerapan yang tertinggi dalam satu set skor&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;tab-stops:61.5pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Peratus&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;tab-stops:61.5pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;                &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Peratus ditakrifkan sebagai sesuatu nilai yang digunakan untuk membuat perbandingan di antara dua kuantiti apabila kuantiti dasar (keseluruhan) dinisbah dengan 100&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Contoh: Dalam satu peperiksaan Calon X mendapat 42 daripada 50 item,berapa peratus calon X memperolehi markah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Pangkatan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kedudukan sesuatu skor berbanding skor-skor yang lain.Nilai skor tertinggi diberi pangkat 1,yang berikutnya pangkat 2 dan seterusnya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7317007781099941548-2626033086686689041?l=albahanjiey.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/feeds/2626033086686689041/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/11/statistik-pendidikan.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/2626033086686689041'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/2626033086686689041'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/11/statistik-pendidikan.html' title='Statistik Pendidikan'/><author><name>Suhaimi al-Bahanjiey</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15572024302827478084</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='24' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bqjedi_Jprw/Tanq397d9GI/AAAAAAAAAX4/u5uJjDt8Foo/s220/DSC03937.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/--s8tLvtPWKU/TrC_tL6Ed2I/AAAAAAAAAds/SDFyaNpOGuo/s72-c/statistik2.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7317007781099941548.post-2549276835439472302</id><published>2011-10-31T16:01:00.003+08:00</published><updated>2011-10-31T16:05:36.086+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Penilaian Dalam Pendidikan'/><title type='text'>Jenis-Jenis Ujian (Part II)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-txfGFRgL5aA/Tq5Wqve50SI/AAAAAAAAAdg/0alkXcofBFc/s1600/ujian4.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 257px; height: 320px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-txfGFRgL5aA/Tq5Wqve50SI/AAAAAAAAAdg/0alkXcofBFc/s320/ujian4.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5669564273206612258" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;6.&lt;span&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Ujian Subjektif&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Jawapan dalam beberapa ayat atau ayat panjang&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Calon perlu merancang jawapan dan menulis dengan perkataan sendiri&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Sesuai untuk mengukur aras kognitif seperti fahaman,aplikasi dan analisis&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Sesuai untuk mengukur aras kognitif sintesis dan penilaian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Lebih mudah membinanya daripada soalan objektif&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Sukar diperiksa kebolehpercayaan rendah&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kebolehan menulis dengan baik dan kemas&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Menggalakkan calon melahirkan perasaan dan menyusun,mengintergrasi idea serta menggalakkan daya cipta&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Tindakbalas calon dibahagikan dua.Tindakbalas terhad dan tindakbalas lanjutan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Jenis Tindakbalas Terhad&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Jawapan pendek-menghadkan isi dan bentuk jawapan seseorang calon&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Jenis Tindak balas lanjutan (Jawapan tidak terhad)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;membenarkan calon memilih,mengatur dan membentangkan jawapan yang difikirkan paling sesuai&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Menguji aras kognitif yang paling tinggi iaitu menguji calon membuat analisis dan penilaian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kelemahan ujian Subjektif&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;kurang cekap untuk mengukur pengetahuan mengenai fakta-fakta kerana skop soalan adalah amat luas&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;pemerkahan adalah rendah kebolehpercayaan kerana maklumat-maklumat berbeza&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Semak Soalan Jenis Struktur&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Bahagian soalan mempunyai perkaitan dengan tajuk kecil yang sama&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Soalan dijawab dengan satu perkataan,frasa, simbol, rumus atau ayat pendek&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Setiap soalab spesifik,jelas dan tidak menimbulkan kekeliruan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Semua petunjuk dalam soalan perlu dielakkan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kehendak tahap kejituan atau unit diberitahu&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Fakta soalan perlu tepat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Setiap soalan hanya mempunyai satu jawapan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Peraturan pemarkahan perlu disediakan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Soalan perlu disemak semula&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Pembinan Ujian Esei&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Bentuk ujian mengikut JSU&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Tugasan soalan perlu jelas-Calon perlu mengetahui dengan jelas. Cth Bincangkan kaedah projek atau terangkan apa yang dimaksudkan dengan kaedah projek&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Cuba guna perkataan penghurai contoh-jelaskan, huraikan,bezakan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Tunjukkan dengan jelas markah&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Pilih soalan-soalan dengan teliti kerana skop sukatan pelajaran yang boleh dirangkumi oleh ujian esei&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Arahan-arahan bagi ujian seharusnya jelas&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Soalan esei yang mengandungi banyak pilihan adalah tidak digalakkan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Bentuklah soalan mengikut aras kesukaran yang sesuai dengan kebolehan mental murid&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Tambahan bilangan soalan dan pelbagai jenis soalan untuk meninggikan kebolehpercayaan ujian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Penggunaan ujian esei adalah lebih sesuai untuk menguji kebolehan murid membuat aplikasi,analisis, sintesis dan penilaian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;7.&lt;span&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;Ujian kepantasan &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Ujian kepantasan mengandungi jumlah soalan yang banyak serta mempunyai aras kesukaran yang hampir seragam&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Markat ujian seperti ini bergantung kepada jumlah soalan yang&lt;span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;betul dijawapb oleh calon dalam masa yang terhad&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Biasanya soalan yang dikemukana terlalu banyak untuk diselesaikan dalam masa yang terhad&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="FI" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:FI"&gt;Tulis apa sahaja yang anda suka&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="FI" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:FI"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Sertakan nama samaran anda&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="FI" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:FI"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="FI" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:FI"&gt;Tulis nama negeri kelahiran anda&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="FI" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:FI"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kemudian, fikirkan siapa orang yang paling disayangi.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Apakah haiwan kegemaran anda?&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Lima belas darab sifar berapa?&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Lokasi anda sekarang di mana?&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Apakah hobi anda?&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;satu tambah dua tolak tiga tambah satu?&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Matapelajaran yang paling digemari? &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Jumlah adik beradik? &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Warna kegemaran?&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;8.&lt;span&gt;       &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Daya&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Ujian daya merupakan ujian yang mengandungi soalan-soalan yang berbeza peringkat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Markat bagi ujian ini bergantung pada jumlah soalan yang dijawap dengan betul.Secara unggulnya masa ujian tidak dihadkan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Namun begitu peruntukan masa diberikan kepada calon untuk membaiki markatnya&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;8.&lt;span&gt;       &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Rujukan Norma&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Ujian yang relatif yang menggambarkan prestasi kumpulan murid dalam graf yang normal&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Meliputi satu bidang pelajaran yang luas&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Tujuan-membanding prestasi murid dalam kumpulan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Menentukan murid murid sama ada lulus,gagal, cemerlang dan sederhana&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Memilih murid untuk tujuan pengiktirafan -Sijil&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Bermula dengan soalan yang mudah kepada lebih sukar dan mempunyai diskriminasi yang tinggi&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Penentuan pangkat,gred bagi menentukan kelulusan murid pelbagai pangkat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Meliputi topik pembelajaran yang lebih luas&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Menggunakan JSU&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kesukaran soalan adalah berdasarkan nisbah 25 peratus mudah,50 sederhana dan 25 peratus sukar&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kedudukan dalam sesuatu kumpulan menentukan pangkat pencapaian Contoh ujian-peperiksaan akhir penggal,UPSR,PMR,SPM dan STPM&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Tidak memberi maklumat secara terperinci tentang kemahiran seseorang murid&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;9.&lt;span&gt;       &lt;/span&gt;Ujian rujukan Kriteria&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Untuk rujukan yang menentukan peringkat pencapaian individu berdasarkan kriteria tertentu yang telah ditetapkan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:9.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Menumpukan pada tugas-tugas pembelajaran yang terhad&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:9.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Tujuan-Menentukan tahap penguasaan sesuatu kemahiran yang telah dipelajari mengikut kriteria yang telah ditentukan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:9.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-9.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Memperbaiki pengajaran dan pembelajaran berdasarkan keputusan ujian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Soalan yang hampir sama peringkat kesukaran dengan berpandukan objektif pelajaran&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Semua soalan dapat membayangkan pencapaian calon denngan jelas.Biasanya hampir sama peringkat kesukaran&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kriteria secara terperinci ditentukan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Tiada gred ditetapkan dan memadaikan pernyataan lulus atau gagal&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Tertumpu pada topik-topik tertentu yang lebih khusus&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Taraf mutlak menentukan peringkat pencapaian.Contohnya Ali dapat menjawab 20 daripada 25 soalan matematik&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;10.&lt;span&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Formatif&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;penilaian yang dijalankan secara berterusan, iaitu semasa pengajaran dan pembelajaran sedang dijalankan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;mengenal pasti kelemahan yang wujud semasa pengajaran dan pembelajaran&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;memberi maklum balas kepada guru dan dengan itu guru dapat membaiki dari segi pengajarannya dan memberi tumpuan yang lebih pada tajuk-tajuk yang menimbul kesulitan kepada pelajar&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;membantu menentukan sama ada sesuatu kursus atau program itu berkesan dan menepati matlamat yang telah ditetapkan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;alat-alat penilaian formatif ialah ujian guru di bilik darjah seperti ujian ringkas, kuiz, kerja rumah untuk mengetahui tahap pencapaian pelajar&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Menjalankan ujian formal ataub tidak formal semasa waktu pelajaran secara individu,secara kumpulan atau secara kelas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Tak formal (pemerhatian dan soal jawab) atau formal (ujian pensel , atau ujian singkat)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Dilakukan semasa mengajar apabila mengesan kelemahan dalam beberapa kemahiran&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Dijalankan secara kelas,secara kumpulan atau secara individu&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Bagi ujian tak formal tiada rekod disediakan tetapi ujian formal menggunakan senarai semak/rekod prestasi&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;11.&lt;span&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Sumatif&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Sesuatu jenis ujian formal untuk mengesan pencapaian dalam sesuautu tahap persekolahan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Mengesan pencapaian pelajar berdasarkan beberapa unit pembelajaran dan pemeringkatan gred pelajar&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Menjalankan ujian formal dalam beberapa waktu pelajaran secara kelas atau tingkatan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Selepas mengajar beberapa unit pengajaran&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Ujian formal menggunakan kertas pensel atau ujian lisan dalam masa yang sesuai&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Meliputi beberapa unit pembelajaran atau beberapa tahap persekolahan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;penilaian yang dijalankan di akhir sesuatu kursus atau program&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;untuk memperoleh maklumat  tentang pencapaian pelajar pada akhir kursus itu, atau untuk mengetahui setakat mana keberkesanan program yang telah dijalankan itu&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Penggunaan rekod profil atau sijil. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;diguna untuk tujuan persijilan. Contoh ujian-ujian penilaian sumatif ialah ujian pada peperiksaan UPSR, PMR, SPM, dan STPM&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Kegunaan-&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Menempatkan murid dalam kumpulan atau kelas yang sesuai&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Merancang dan mengubahsuai pelajaran atau kurikulum&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Memberi sijil berdasarkan pencapaian dalam peperiksaan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;12.&lt;span&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Prestasi&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="ES" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: ES"&gt;Ujian prestasi adalah ujian yang memerlukan pelajar menunjukkan pemahaman dan kemahiran mereka dalam melakukan aktiviti atau siri aktiviti seharian. Ujian prestasi memberi rangsangan kepada pelajar untuk memperkenal dan mengembangkan aktiviti pemikiran dan taakulan mereka berasaskan kepada kurikulum yang diajar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="ES" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: ES"&gt;teknik yang digunakan dalam ujian prestasi ialah menghendaki pelajar merakam sebahagian aktiviti, menemubual pelajar bagi mengesahkan kebolehan, kefahaman dan pemikiran mereka. Teknik portfolio juga sering digunakan bagi memeriksa hasil kerja pelajar. Melalui teknik portfolio guru boleh menentukan sama ada kerja yang dilakukan memenuhi kehendak soalan ujian.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;13.&lt;span&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Pencapaian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:NL"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:NL"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: NL"&gt;Ujian pencapaian mengukur secara khusus sejauh mana pelajar telah menguasai isi sesuatu kursus yang diajar. Ujian pencapaian mempersoalkan apa yang pelajar telah belajar? Seringkali ujian pencapaian merujuk kepada ujian bagi mengukur tingkah laku pengajaran dan pembelajaran kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="NL"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;14.&lt;span&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Diagnostik&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: NL"&gt;Penilaian diagnostik pula dilakukan sebagai cara untuk mengesan sama ada pelajar sudah bersedia untuk mengikuti pelajaran seterusnya. Sekiranya beliau belum bersedia, pensyarah dapat mengesan kelemahan dan kekuatan pelajar agar pembetulan serta penambahbaikan yang berkaitan boleh lakukan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;15.&lt;span&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Kecerdasan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;        &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="NL" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: NL"&gt;Ujian kecerdasan adalah ujian yang direka khusus untuk mensampel secara luas pelbagai fungsi mental (pemikiran) supaya dapat menganggarkan tahap intelektual am seseorang individu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7317007781099941548-2549276835439472302?l=albahanjiey.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/feeds/2549276835439472302/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/10/jenis-jenis-ujian-part-ii.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/2549276835439472302'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/2549276835439472302'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/10/jenis-jenis-ujian-part-ii.html' title='Jenis-Jenis Ujian (Part II)'/><author><name>Suhaimi al-Bahanjiey</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15572024302827478084</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='24' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bqjedi_Jprw/Tanq397d9GI/AAAAAAAAAX4/u5uJjDt8Foo/s220/DSC03937.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-txfGFRgL5aA/Tq5Wqve50SI/AAAAAAAAAdg/0alkXcofBFc/s72-c/ujian4.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7317007781099941548.post-7318714431654234570</id><published>2011-10-31T10:28:00.006+08:00</published><updated>2011-10-31T11:11:50.805+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Penilaian Dalam Pendidikan'/><title type='text'>Jenis-Jenis Ujian (Part I)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-HL-CSlUc0oQ/Tq4R73UFw9I/AAAAAAAAAdU/mgRVZarecyU/s1600/test.gif" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 246px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-HL-CSlUc0oQ/Tq4R73UFw9I/AAAAAAAAAdU/mgRVZarecyU/s320/test.gif" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5669488701064201170" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;JENIS-JENIS UJIAN (Part 1)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;1 &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;.&lt;span&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Individu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Digolongkan dalam ujian tara&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Diambil oleh seseorang pada sesuatu masa&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Sesorang pemeriksa terlatih akan mengemukakan soalan atau mengarahkan seseorang calon menjalankan tugasan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kadangkala tidak perlu menggunakan bahasa langsung (boleh membantu calon yang kurang mahir bahasa)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Contoh ujian ujian Kecerdasan Stanfords-Biner, Skala Kecerdasan Dewasa Wechsler, ujian bakat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;2.&lt;span&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Berkumpulan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:115%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Ujian Tara berkumpulan merupakan ujian kertas pensel yang memerlukan calon membaca soalan itu sendiri&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Ujian ini mudah dilaksanakan dan lebih ekonomis&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Seluruh kelas dapat diuji&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Pemeriksa terlatih tidak diperlukan kerana guru kelas /calon boleh membaca soalan sendiri &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Contoh ujian kemajuan, ujian pencapaian, ujian esei&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Setengah ujian dalm kumpulan boleh juga digunakan dalam ujian individu&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;3.&lt;span&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Bertulis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:.5in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Ujian yang melibatkan penggunaan bahasa yang gramatis dalam bentuk ayat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; "&gt;Ayat-ayat akan dikaitkan antara satu dengan yang lain untuk membentuk satu &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;penulisan sebagai sumbangan bagi melahirkan pemikiran dan idea-idea &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;penulis atas sesuatu tajuk tertentu seperti surat-menyurat,membuat laporan &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau menulis hal kejadian harian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Contoh&lt;span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;ujian ini berbentuk esei atau berbentuk rencana&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Memerlukan suasana,masa, dan mungkin emosi untuk menukar perkataan, &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;mengubah atau menyusun ayat dan menilai secara keseluruhan apa yang &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dihasilkan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Untuk menilai seorang pelajar guru perlu&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:41.4pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-41.4pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; "&gt;-memberi peluang sama kepada semua murid untuk menjawab soalan yang sama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:27.0pt;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;-Soalan hendak tegas dan terperinci akan apa yang diperlukan daripada murid&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;-Menulis dua atau lebih karangan adalah adil untuk menilai prestasi pelajar&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Teknik Pemarkahan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; "&gt;Global-Amat baik,baik, sederhana,kurang baik,lemah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Perincian- Isi (50%),Bahasa (30%)Gaya (10%), Impak(10%)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Dinilai dalam 3 cara&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Serta Merta-Menilai kefahaman pengetahuan dan kemahiran berbahasa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; "&gt;Kemajuan-Menilai laporan bertulis, menilai murid melalui ujian bertulis seperti&lt;span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;ujian objektif atau ujian esei&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; "&gt;PENCAPAIAN-Penilaian melalui ujian bertulis seperti ujian objektif atau ujian esei&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;4.&lt;span&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;Ujian lisan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Bergantung kepada objektif pengajaran lisan berkenaan seperti kefasihan,menyebut atau menggunakan Bahasa Malaysia yang standard&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Menentukan objektif pengajaran dan bahan yang perlu digunakan dalam ujian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Pemarkahan bergantung kepada penilai dan kecekapan menilai prestasi seorang calon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Teknik temuramah dan teknik kloz sesuai digunakan dimana pengambil ujian &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;disuruh melengkapkan atau menyambut soalan-soalan yang diberikan serta &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berinteraksi secara natural (diuji bukan dalam keadaan bertutur yang biasa)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Soalan-soalan yang akan dikemukakan telah di programkan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Tidak hanya menguji satu aspek sahaja tetapi aspek lain perlu dititik berat &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;seperti apabila menguji kefasihan, sebutan dan kelancaran juga boleh diuji&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Pemarkahan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Global-1 -tiada sambutan,2 –lemah,2-sedang,3-memuaskan,4-baik dan 5 cemelang&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Teknik terperici-&lt;span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;akhir kata,awal kata,kefasihan bahasa dan lain-lain aspek (Pembahagian Markah lihat pada markah keseluruhan)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Diuji dalam 3 Cara&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Serta Merta-Menilai kebolehan pertuturan murid melalui soalan lisan,perbincangan dan kuiz&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Kemajuan-Menilai keboleh-tuturan menlalui aktiviti syarahan,lakonan dan bercerita,menilai kefasihan menghafal melalui aktiviti bacaan kuat,hafazan,kuiz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Pencapaian-Menilai aspek yang perlu seperti bacaan dalam bahasa melayu dan hafazan dalam Pendidikan Islam&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;5.&lt;span&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;Ujian Objektif &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Terdiri daripada soalan atau item yang semuanya memerlukan jawapan yang pendek dan tepat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Terdapat pelbagi jenis item objektif tetapi setiap mempunyai satu ciri yang serupa iaitu jawapan khusus dan terbatas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Sistem pemarkahan adalah tetap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Kemampuan lain calon tidak diambil kira atau dilayan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Bilangan item banyak&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Calon membuat pilihan jawapan yang tepat dan terbatas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Kualiti ujian bergantung kepada kemahiran dan kebolehan pengubalan soalan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Tiada kebebasan diberikan kepada calon menjawab soalan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Calon menghafaz dan menganalisakan pendapat orang lain&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Banyak masa calon ditumpukan kepada membaca dan berfikir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 32px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Jawapan adalah tetap dan skim pemarkahan dapat disediakan dengan mudah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Pemeriksa yang kurang mempunyai pengetahuan isi ujian itu juga sanggup memeriksa kertas jawapan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kelebihan Ujian Objektif&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Ia meliputi semua bidang mata pelajaran dengan luas&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Menguji aras kognitif diperingkat pengeahuaan,kefahaman dan aplikasi dengan berkesan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Masa yang diperlukan untuk menjawab dan memeriksa adalah ringkas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Objektif adalah tinggi. Jawapan yang sama akan diberi markat yang sama walaupun diperiksa oleh pemeriksa yang berlainan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Item ujian dinyata dalam bahasa yang mudah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Calon yang mempunyai bahasa yang lemah juga boleh menjawab soalan objektif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Kebolehpercayaan ujian ini tinggi kerana banyak soalan boleh disediakan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Kelemahan Ujian Objektif&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Pembinaan ujian memerlukan lebih tenaga,masa dan perbelajaan&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Ia tidak dapat menguji kebolehan calon pada aras kognitif yang tinggi spt analisis,sintesis dan penilaian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Gagal menguji kebolehan calon untuk menyusun serta menghuraikan idea-&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;idea&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Menggalakkan calon meneka jawapan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Calon tidak membuat persediaan yang rapi kerana mereka boleh mengenal jawapan daripada senarai jawapan yang diberikan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Calon yang berlatih menjawab jawapan boleh meningkatkan taraf pencapaian&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Senarai semak soalan objektif&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Pokok Soalan harus bermakna(apa yang hendak ditanya)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Pokok soalan harus mengandungi bahan yang relevan (jelas,tepat dan mudah difahami)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Kurang pokok soalan dalam bentuk negatif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Semua pilihan jawapan hendaklah sejajar dengan pokok soalan dari segi bahasa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Satu item hendaklah mengandungi satu jawapan yang nyata dan betul sahaja&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;K&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;esemua pengganggu hendalah munasabah dan berbentuk seolah-olah boleh diterima&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Panjang pengganggu hendaklah sama atau hampir sama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Penempatan jawapan A,B,C.D atau E hendaklah berubah-ubah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Kurangkan penggunaan pengganggu tiada jawapan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Sekurang-kurangnya perlu ada empat atau lima jawapan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Bentuk item yang berlainan daripada yang pernah dibuat dalam bilik darjah &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sekiranya mengukur aras kognitif yang tinggi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Pilihan jawapan diatur mengikut tertib sekiranya jawapan itu berbentuk nombor atau angka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Soalan negatif dielakkkan atau dihadkan spt tidak,kecuali&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Soalan yang dibina perlu dikaji semula&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7317007781099941548-7318714431654234570?l=albahanjiey.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/feeds/7318714431654234570/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/10/jenis-jenis-ujian-part-i.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/7318714431654234570'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/7318714431654234570'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/10/jenis-jenis-ujian-part-i.html' title='Jenis-Jenis Ujian (Part I)'/><author><name>Suhaimi al-Bahanjiey</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15572024302827478084</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='24' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bqjedi_Jprw/Tanq397d9GI/AAAAAAAAAX4/u5uJjDt8Foo/s220/DSC03937.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-HL-CSlUc0oQ/Tq4R73UFw9I/AAAAAAAAAdU/mgRVZarecyU/s72-c/test.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7317007781099941548.post-5526465048792525571</id><published>2011-10-31T10:28:00.002+08:00</published><updated>2011-10-31T10:34:52.082+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Penilaian Dalam Pendidikan'/><title type='text'>Pengenalan Taxonomy Bloom</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-IMZ-sYBG8BA/Tq4JO0VEEJI/AAAAAAAAAdI/y7kKj208jEM/s1600/slides22.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 239px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-IMZ-sYBG8BA/Tq4JO0VEEJI/AAAAAAAAAdI/y7kKj208jEM/s320/slides22.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5669479131075842194" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#330066;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;PENGENALAN TAKSONOMI BLOOM&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;OLEH&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#3333CC;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;ABDUL HADI BIN MOHAMAD&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 24px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;Menganalisis konstruk ujian berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Memahami bagaimana mengukur konstruk melalui pembinaan item ujian.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Memahami bagaimana membina soalan yang melibatkan proses mental tinggi.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#330066;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#330066;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;PENGENALAN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; "&gt;MATLAMAT PENDIDIKAN: Melahirkan pelajar yang mempunyai daya intelektual yang tinggi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; "&gt;Memerlukan pengalaman pembelajaran yang berkualiti.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h4 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Memerlukan pendekatan pengajaran yang melampaui pendekatan kuantitatif kepada pendekatan kualitatif.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;  &lt;h4 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Guru perlu menggalakkan pembangunan pemikiran aras tinggi pelajar.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Keperluan kepada pembangunan taksonomi berkaitan pengajaran, pembelajaran dan penilaian.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h4 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Taksonomi Bloom (1956): Taxonomy of Educational Objectives&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;  &lt;h4 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Taksonomi Biggs (1982): Taxonomy of Structure of Observable Learning Outcomes (SOLO).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;  &lt;h4 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Taksonomi Anderson &amp;amp; Krathwohl (2001): A revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 32px; font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#993366;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;APA DIA TAKSONOMI?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Taksonomi bermaksud&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:#FF3300; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;klasifikasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Satu kerangka yang menjelaskan struktur kebolehan kognitif yang tersusun secara hieraki daripada struktur kebolehan kognitif yang mudah kepada yang lebih rencam.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in;tab-stops:56.95pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;       &lt;/span&gt;Andaian:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h3 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Setiap aras mengandungi kebolehan aras sebelumnya tetapi dengan tambahan kebolehan yang baru.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h3 style="margin-left:54.5pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.4pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Implikasi:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;  &lt;h3 style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Aras taksonomi bersifat hieraki (dari segi “complexity and difficulty”)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Bloom:&lt;span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;Memberikan penjelasan berdasarkan Objektif Pembelajaran (LO)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Biggs: Memberikan penjelasan berdasarkan Hasil Pembelajaran (LOC)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#993366;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#993366;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;KEKURANGAN TAKSONOMI BLOOM (1956)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: normal; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:42.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-42.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;The major deficiencies in the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:#FF3300;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;simplistic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:#FF3300;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;incorrect hierarchy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt; of six steps; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:42.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-42.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;The assumption of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:#FF3300;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;a correlation between item complexity and item difficulty&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt; is not without its flaws.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:42.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-42.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;The categories Comprehension, Application and Analysis were consistently ordered, as predicted, but &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:#FF3300;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;hard to confirm Knowledge as the first level in the hierarchy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:42.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-42.0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: &amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:#3F5771;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:#7E9CE8; mso-ansi-language:EN-GB"&gt;www.tki.org.nz/r/asttle/pdf/technical-reports/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#7E9CE8;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:42.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-42.0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: &amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:#7E9CE8;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB"&gt;techreport43.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#330066;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;BLOOM TAXONOMY &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;Bloom’s taxonomy refers to the type of thinking or processing required in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#FF3300;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;completing tasks&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt; or answering questions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;; that is, know, comprehend, apply, analyse, synthesise, and evaluate.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:22.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;MENGINGAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;: Soalan yang memerlukan pelajar mengingat semula apa yang telah dipelajari&lt;span&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;atau mengenal fakta, istilah, prosedur, prinsip, formula, generalisasi, peraturan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:22.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;MEMAHAMI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;: Soalan yang memerlukan pelajar memahami apa yang dipelajari dan menyatakan alasannya sekali. Pelajar mungkin dikehendaki:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;   &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Menukar bentuk komunikasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h4 style="margin-left:77.75pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-23.15pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo4"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Melihat perkaitan antara bahagian dalam&lt;span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;sesuatu komunikasi&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;  &lt;h4 style="margin-left:77.75pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-23.15pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo4"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Membuat rumusan/ menyatakan akibat daripada sesuatu maklumat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:22.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;MENGAPLIKASI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;: Soalan yang memerlukan pelajar menggunakan apa yang telah dipelajari (peraturan, prinsip, prosedur, generalisasi, formula) kepada masalah atau situasi baru.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:22.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;MENGANALISIS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;: Soalan yang memerlukan pelajar mengenal pasti pertalian antara idea, mencari persamaan dan perbezaan, menjelaskan bukti, mermbuat rumusan /jangkaan, membezakan antara fakta, pendapat dan andaian, menentukan idea, bias dan nilai.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:22.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;MENILAI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;: Soalan yang memerlukan pelajar menentukan falasi dalam sesuatu proses/ produk, membuat pertimbangan dan pemilihan, mendiskriminasi,memberi rasional dan pendapat dengan alasan tertentu, menentukan keberkesanan pelaksanaan sesuatu prosedur, menilai kesesuaian sesuatu kaedah yang digunakan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:22.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;MENCIPTA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;: Soalan yang memerlukan pelajar menghasilkan suatu hipotesis alternatif berdasarkan sesuatu kriteria, membina sesuatu prosedur untuk menghasilkan sesuatu, menghasilkan sesuatu produk.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h3 style="margin-left:54.5pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.4pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;GOOD QUESTIONING?&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;… &lt;b&gt;Questions that stimulate higher&lt;span&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;order thinking in the pupils and require more than recall on information by the pupils, from&lt;span&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;which the pupils can learn by the act of answering the question,&lt;span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;and which allow for a range of possible answers…&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;                                               &lt;/span&gt;Sullivan 1991&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;KONSEP&lt;span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONING&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;… Those questions that require students to go beyond simple recall and engage in more sophisticated thinking.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;HIGHER ORDER THINKING&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Expanded use of the mind to meet new challenges.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Interpret, analyze or manipulate information.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Critically think about information, ideas and opinions.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Draw conclusions, inferences or generalizations.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Produce original communications, make predictions, propose solutions, solve life-problems, judge ideas, express opinions and make choices and decisions.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;HIGHER ORDER THINKING&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;QUESTIONING&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:21.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Soalan berdasarkan permasalahan.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:21.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Soalan mengenai perbandingan pendapat atau teori.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:21.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Soalan berdasarkan tugasan terbuka (open-ended tasks).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:21.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Soalan berbentuk refleksi.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:21.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Soalan yang melibatkan kritikan.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#330066;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;HIGHER ORDER THINKING&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#330066;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;QUESTIONING&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:#D60093; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;APPLICATION: &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;       &lt;/span&gt;Using learned information in relevant situations (putting knowledge and comprehension to work).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:#D60093; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;ANALYSIS:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;       &lt;/span&gt;Breaking down information into separate components so that its structure can be understood.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#330066;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;HIGHER ORDER THINKING&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;QUESTIONING&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:#D60093; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;SYNTHESIS:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;       &lt;/span&gt;Putting components together to create a pattern or structure which could be new&lt;span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;or different.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:#D60093; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;EVALUATION:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;       &lt;/span&gt;Judging the value of information or material based on personal or given criteria.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;       &lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;HIGHER ORDER THINKING&lt;br /&gt;AFFECTIVE DOMAIN&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:#D60093; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;VALUING (Particular object, phenomenon, attitude):&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;-Recognizing the value of..&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;-Appreciating the value of..&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;-Expressing concern about the value of..&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;HIGHER ORDER THINKING&lt;br /&gt;AFFECTIVE DOMAIN&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:#D60093; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;ORGANIZATION:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;- Conceptualizing the value.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;- Bringing together different values.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;- Resolving conflicts between different values.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;- Building a personal and &lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;consistent value system.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;HIGHER ORDER THINKING&lt;br /&gt;AFFECTIVE DOMAIN&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:21.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:#D60093; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;CHARACTERIZATION:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;       &lt;/span&gt;Possessing a value system that has controlled an individual’s behaviour long enough for that individual to have developed a characteristic lifestyle that is consistent and predictable.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;         &lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;HUBUNGAN DOMAIN KOGNITIF DAN DOMAIN AFEKTIF&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;h1 style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color:#D60093;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;MENGAPA SOALAN HIGHER-ORDER THINKING?&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo5"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:24.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Menggalakkan pembelajaran.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo5"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:24.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Meningkatkan keberkesanan pembelajaran.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;h2 style="margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:-27.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo5"&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:24.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt;l&lt;span style="font:7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Tahoma&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Memupuk keterbukaan minda dan habit mental kreatif.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt; &lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7317007781099941548-5526465048792525571?l=albahanjiey.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/feeds/5526465048792525571/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/10/pengenalan-taxonomy-bloom.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/5526465048792525571'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/5526465048792525571'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/10/pengenalan-taxonomy-bloom.html' title='Pengenalan Taxonomy Bloom'/><author><name>Suhaimi al-Bahanjiey</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15572024302827478084</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='24' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bqjedi_Jprw/Tanq397d9GI/AAAAAAAAAX4/u5uJjDt8Foo/s220/DSC03937.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-IMZ-sYBG8BA/Tq4JO0VEEJI/AAAAAAAAAdI/y7kKj208jEM/s72-c/slides22.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7317007781099941548.post-7620742815661022884</id><published>2011-10-29T07:25:00.004+08:00</published><updated>2011-10-29T07:45:46.963+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Penilaian Dalam Pendidikan'/><title type='text'>Kelebihan dan Kelemahan Ujian Objektif</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9xOgeHwaDgo/Tqs-c0tL0nI/AAAAAAAAAc8/yjj6GOAQlyM/s1600/Exam_by_BoDAY.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 300px; height: 274px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9xOgeHwaDgo/Tqs-c0tL0nI/AAAAAAAAAc8/yjj6GOAQlyM/s320/Exam_by_BoDAY.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5668693220881322610" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;Kelebihan Ujian Objektif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;1.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Ia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dapat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;merangkumi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;semua&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;bidang&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;pelajaran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;isi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;pelajaran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;secara&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;luas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;2.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Ia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;menjamin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;keadilan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;pemarkahan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;3.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Ia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;memerlukan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;masa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;pendek&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;untuk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;menjawab&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;memeriksa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;4.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Objektifnya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;adalah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;tinggi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;jawapan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;sama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;akan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;diberi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;markah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;sama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;walaupun&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;diperiksa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;oleh &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;pemeriksa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;berlainan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;5.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Ia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;tidak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;menggalakan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;penipuan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;6.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Ia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dapat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;mengukur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;proses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; mental yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;tinggi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;7.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Calon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dapat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;menjawab&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;soalan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;objektif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;sekali&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; pun &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;calon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;lemah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dalam&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;penguasaan&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;bahasa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;8.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Pemeriksa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;tidak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;terpengaruh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dengan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;unsur-unsur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;emosi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;mengusai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dirinya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;9.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Mempunyai nilai diagnostik yang tinggi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;10.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Dapat diperiksa menggunakan komputer/alat scanner&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;11.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Sampel soalan dan isi yang luas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;Kelemahan Ujian Objektif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; text-indent: -0.38in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;1.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Pembinaan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;ujian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;memerlukan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;masa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;tenaga&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;perbelanjaan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;tinggi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="O0" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; text-indent: -0.38in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;2.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Ujian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;ini&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;memberi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;ruang&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;kepada&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;murid-murid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;membuat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;tekaan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;jawapan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="O0" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; text-indent: -0.38in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;3.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Semasa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dalam&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;peperiksaan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;calon-calon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;memerlukan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;banyak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;masa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;untuk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;membaca&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;berfikir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="O0" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; text-indent: -0.38in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;4.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Ujian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;ini&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;tidak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;dapat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;mengukur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;keaslian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;jawapan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div class="O0" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; text-indent: -0.38in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;5.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Sebahagian&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;calon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;tidak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;membuat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;persediaan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;secukupnya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;kerana&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;mereka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;boleh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;menjawab&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;berasaskan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;pilihan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;jawapan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;diberi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; text-indent: -0.38in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;6.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Sukar untuk menyediakan soalan yang bermutu tinggi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; text-indent: -0.38in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;7.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Kurang sesuai untuk mengukur tahap kognitif peringkat tinggi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; text-indent: -0.38in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;8.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Tidak dapat mengukur kebolehan pelajar memilih, mengatur dan membuat sintesis idea secara bersepadu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; text-indent: -0.38in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;9.&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Kurang sesuai untuk ujian formatif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; text-indent: -0.38in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="O0" style="language:en-US;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:.38in;text-indent:-.38in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Franklin Gothic Book'; color: black; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7317007781099941548-7620742815661022884?l=albahanjiey.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/feeds/7620742815661022884/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/10/kelebihan-dan-kelemahan-ujian-objektif_29.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/7620742815661022884'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7317007781099941548/posts/default/7620742815661022884'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://albahanjiey.blogspot.com/2011/10/kelebihan-dan-kelemahan-ujian-objektif_29.html' title='Kelebihan dan Kelemahan Ujian Objektif'/><author><name>Suhaimi al-Bahanjiey</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15572024302827478084</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='24' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bqjedi_Jprw/Tanq397d9GI/AAAAAAAAAX4/u5uJjDt8Foo/s220/DSC03937.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9xOgeHwaDgo/Tqs-c0tL0nI/AAAAAAAAAc8/yjj6GOAQlyM/s72-c/Exam_by_BoDAY.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7317007781099941548.post-5130184406384447678</id><published>2011-10-27T22:40:00.003+08:00</published><updated>2011-10-27T22:45:57.846+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Tazkirah'/><title type='text'>Perbezaan Dosa Adam dan Iblis</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1qb2B3B6Ii4/TqlumLHakMI/AAAAAAAAAcw/Ny7i5ay0w0A/s1600/images.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 259px; height: 194px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1qb2B3B6Ii4/TqlumLHakMI/AAAAAAAAAcw/Ny7i5ay0w0A/s320/images.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5668183208120455362" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Cambria&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Perbezaan Dosa Nabi Adam dan Iblis&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Cambria&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;Manusia biasa tidak terlepas daripada melakukan&lt;span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;samada kepada Allah dan juga kepada sesama manusia. Setiap kesalahan ini dinilai sebagai berdosa samada dosa tersebut adalah kecil ataupun dosa besar. Dosa pertama yang dilakukan dalam sejarah manusia ialah dosa Adam dan Hawa kepada Allah kerana tidak mematuhi larangan Allah tetapi dosa yang dilakukan oleh Iblis adalah lebih besar kerana tidak tunduk kepada perintah Allah.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" align="right" dir="RTL" style="text-align:left;direction:rtl; unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Cambria&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Walaupun kedua-duanya sama berdosa tetapi dosa Adam dan Hawa melibatkan keterlanjuran mereka dalam mematuhi larangan Allah daripada menghampiri pohon itu iaitu pohon khuldi. Allah berfirman surah al-Baqarah ayat 34-35;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:.8in;margin-bottom: 10.0pt;margin-left:49.5pt;text-align:justify;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Cambria&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ø&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Î&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;u&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ù&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;è&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Ï&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Í&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;´&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;¯&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;»&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;u&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;K&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ù&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Ï&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;#&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ß&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;à&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ó&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;#&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;P&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;K&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;#&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ÿ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ß&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;|&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;¡&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ù&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;w&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Î&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;§&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Î&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; 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mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Í&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Ï&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ÿ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;»&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ø&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;#&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Ç&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Ì&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Í&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;È&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;u&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Z&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ù&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;è&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;u&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;ã&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;P&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;«&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;¯&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;»&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;ô&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;`&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ä&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ó&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;#&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 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mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ã&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;_&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;÷&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; 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mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;¨&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;g&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ø&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB1;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;#&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5"&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type: symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ä&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB5;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; 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mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Z&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB4;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Ï&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:HQPB2;mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2"&gt;&lt;span&gt;B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"&gt;&lt;span dir="RTL"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 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